Bungacast

/494/ National Democracy or Globalist War ft. Wolfgang Streeck

On the dual crisis of the world.

Wolfgang Streeck, renowned economic sociologist, is back on to talk to us about the crisis of capitalist growth and of democracy. We focus on the solutions proposed in his brilliant new book, Taking Back Control? States and State Systems After Globalism.

Then, Lee and Alex discuss three key themes emerging from the interview: federalism and small states; the national interest; and the redefinition of democracy.

[For the full episode, subscribe at patreon.com/bungacast]

With Streeck we discuss:

• Why is the revival of nation-state democracy "possible, although not very probable"?

• Have Europe’s right-wing populists given up on restoring governance to the national level?

• Why are Europe's globalists turning towards a militarised bloc with securitised external economic relations?

• Why haven’t left-wing populists been able to exploit the "dual crisis"?

• How has democracy been redefined to mean a set of discursive and moral principles rather than power struggle?

• Can we have an orderly de-globalisation?

Links:

• Taking Back Control?: States and State Systems After Globalism, Wolfgang Streeck, Verso

• Notes on the political economy of war, Wolfgang Streeck, Review of Keynesian Economics

• /218/ Stability Über Alles ft. Wolfgang Streeck & /219/ Stability Über Alles pt. 2 ft. Wolfgang Streeck

• /160/ Enemies of the People (Large & Very Small) ft. Wolfgang Streeck

• /170/ Reading Club: Streeck's Critical Encounters

/491/ Squeezed Between Two Empires ft. Maciej Szlinder

On Poland's election, its history, its self-conception.

Philosopher Maciej Szlinder joins us to talk about Polish politics, society and history. Maciej is a member of the general council of the left-wing political party Razem ("Together"), as well as the president of the Polish Basic Income Network, so we discuss these matters as well as the general context.

• How did Poland represent a beacon of neoliberal democracy to Western liberals in the 80s and 90s – and what happened next?

• What does Poland represent, to Poles and to the rest of Europe, today?

• Is the political duopoly of the centrist Civic Platform and the right-wing Law and Justice falling apart?

• Why is political turnout up – and what anti-establishment parties are the young voting for?

• Why is Poland the most pro-American country in Europe, and how does Trump affect that?

• What is Poland's huge economic success felt like on the ground?

• How does precarious employment and emigration impact Polish politics?

Links:

• In the Polish Mirror, Gavin Rae, New Left Review

• In Poland, Presidential Hopefuls Battle for Young Voters Who Don’t Like Them, NY Times

/484/ No Justice in Politics ft. David Broder

On the charges against France's Marine Le Pen.

[For the full episode, subscribe at patreon.com/bungacast]

Alex and George discuss some main stories from the past month. After the death of Pope Francis, what's behind left-wing sympathy for the late Pope – and more widespread appreciation for Catholicism? Why do we want a progressive Pope, and would a reactionary one be better for us? Why is the US deporting people to Nayib Bukele's Salvadorian prisons, and what makes this so dystopian?

Then Alex calls up Jacobin's Europe editor David Broder to understand the charges against Marine Le Pen.

• Is Marine Le Pen a victim of lawfare, or has she been hoist by her own petard?

• What are the consequences for the Rassemblement National, and for French politics?

• What has the European radical right's response been to Trump II so far?

And we respond to your questions and comments from the past month on:

• Holding politicians to account on free speech

• Listening to poetry

• Redistribution as the obvious solution to the crisis

• Clientelism and hyperpolitics

/477/ Talking Turkey in the Group Chat ft. Djene Bajalan

On Erdogan's World and the revolt against it.

[For the full episode, subscribe at patreon.com/bungacast]

Historian Djene Bajalan joins George and Alex to review the past month – ceasefires in Eastern Europe and the Middle East, winning and losing US patronage, Trump's inconsistent strategy and leaks, and the gold rush. We then turn to a country exemplary of the contradictions of the end of the End of History: Türkiye. And finish by answering your questions and comments on internationalism, free speech, Die Linke, anti-immigration, and domination.

• What's driving the protests and how do they compare to past revolts against Erdogan?   

• What is the meaning of charges – corruption & terrorism – against Istanbul mayor and potential opposition leader İmamoğlu?

• Who is the opposition?

• What has sustained Erdogan's rule – repression, conservatism, modernisation, growth?

• Why is Erdogan one of the winners of the past 20 years, and how is he a world-historic figure? 

Links:

• Erdoğan's new world order, Lily Lynch, UnHerd

• /339/ Erdogone? People vs Nation in Turkey ft. Alp Kayserilioglu

• Kultur Kampf TR, Selim Koru, Substack

/474/ Urban Power in a Planet of Slums ft. Ben Bradlow

On cities and the politics of development.

[For the full episode, subscribe at patreon.com/bungacast]

Ben Bradlow, assistant professor of sociology and international affairs at Princeton, talks to Alex about his book Urban Power: Democracy and Inequality in São Paulo and Johannesburg.

• If our future is urban – and it is – why is it different to what we imagined?

• Are Johannesburg and São Paulo representative of what is going on in cities?

• How did democratic promise and neoliberal disappointment go together in the 1990s, through to today?

• What has been the role of social movements (e.g. for housing) in transforming cities and municipal government?

• Is the radical right in the global North and South fundamentally different? What is the urban dimension?

• What does China's lead in industries like electric vehicles mean for countries like Brazil?

• Is industrial upgrading possible under post-neoliberalism?

Links:

• Urban Power: Democracy and Inequality in São Paulo and Johannesburg, Benjamin Bradlow, Princeton UP

• A processual framework for understanding the rise of the populist right: the case of Brazil (2013–2018), Tomás Gold and Benjamin Bradlow, Social Forces

• Embedded Autonomy: States and Industrial Transformation, Peter Evans, Princeton UP

/472/ Munich, MAGA, Musk, Malema ft. Will Shoki / Ryan Zickgraf

On Trumpworld: Vance in Munich; Musk in South Africa.

[This contains only the interview on South Africa – for the full episode subscribe at patreon.com/bungacast]

Alex, George and Ryan Zickgraf round up events in Germany: first the elections, then US Vice-President JD Vance's speech to the Munich Security Conference where he called out Western elites' hypocrisy on liberalism and democracy.

Then Alex speaks to Will Shoki, editor at Africa Is A Country, about what Musk wants from South Africa, why the global radical right has fixated on land reform in South Africa, and what is really at stake for South Africans.

We round out by taking your questions and comments – and by welcoming in carnival by discussing drinking & socialising, and its anti-social enemies.

Running Order

• 00:03:10 – German elections

• 00:08:20 – Vance's Munich speech

• 00:26:00 – Will Shoki on South African politics

• 01:04:55 – Musk and the global radical right

• 01:13:20 – Letters to the Editors

• 01:23:10 – Carnival and social drinking

Links:

• Trump’s Tool: The Limits of Bannon’s Postmodern Nationalism, Alex Gourevitch, The Northern Star

• Make Afrikaners great again! National populism, democracy and the new white minority politics in post- apartheid South Africa, Danelle van Zyl-Hermann, Ethnic and Racial Studies 

• Why Trump loves corrupt Democrats, Ryan Zickgraf, UnHerd

• The Case for Social Drinking, Ryan Zickgraf, Jacobin

• The Hangover and Life as a Commodity, George Hoare, Damage

• Segregation Is Still Alive in Mardi Gras’s Birthplace, Ryan Zickgraf, Jacobin

UNLOCKED: /418/ Neoliberal Order Breakdown System, German-Style ft. Gregor Baszak

This episode, originally published in June 2024 only for subscribers, is crucial backdrop to this Sunday's (23 Feb 2025) snap elections in Germany. 

For more like this, join us at patreon.com/bungacast

On German political derangement.

Independent researcher and writer Gregor Baszak joins us to talk about German centrism being squeezed under pressure from both left and right — Sahra Wagenknecht and the AFD. Meanwhile the German economy is getting squeezed between the US and Russia, and NATO pressures Germany to up its defence spending.  

• Is German public life remilitarising? 

• What are the prospects for Sahra Wagenknecht’s new ‘left-conservative’ politics? 

• What was the original political vision behind the Nordstream 2 pipeline? 

• Why are Marine Le Pen and Giorgia Meloni trying to carve the AFD out of pan-European national-populist cooperation? 

• Where does Germany now stand in relation to the Ukraine War? 

Links:

• Europe After America, Gregor Baszak, The American Conservative 
• What’s the Matter With Germany?, Gregor Baszak, The American Conservative
• The Left-wing maverick who could stop the AfD For many, Sahra Wagenknecht is a tribune of the people, Gregor Baszak, UnHerd

/470/ Political Reaction to System Failure ft. Tim Pendry

On the world under Trump, and British responses. 

Tim Pendry, author of the Unstable Times substack, as well as an international affairs consultant, talks to Alex H and Lee Jones about the world under Trump II, the massive shifts underway, and his own policy work with the Workers Party of Britain.

• How has intra-bourgeois struggle shaped the past decades in politics?

• What is "American imperial nationalism (MAGA)" plus a "real-estate negotiation style"?

• Who are the winners & losers of a "rational" return to classical great-power, sphere-of-influence politics?

• Why are the UK's tensions and problems an extreme version of what may soon apply to any ostensible American ally?

• What is the Workers Party of Britain's pitch and strategy?

• Are the bulk of British people really "left on economics, right on culture", and how does the WPB try to appeal to workers?

• What are the practical challenges of building and organising a new party?

Links:

• Manifesto – Britain Deserves Better, Workers Party of Britain

• The Foundations of the Liberal Polycrisis, Unstable Times, Tim Pendry

• Taking Trump Seriously, Unstable Times, Tim Pendry

• Trumpism and Geo-Politics, Unstable Times, Tim Pendry

/469/ Draining Europe ft. Anton Jäger

On European decline and inertia.

[For full episode: patreon.com/bungacast]

Anton Jäger is back, talking to Alex and George about Belgium's new right-wing government, American hyperpolitics, and the lack of a European future.

• The radical right has prevailed in Belgium, despite having factors that should impede this, like higher union density, lower inequality and so on. Why?

• Why is the US particularly 'hyperpolitical'?

• Are those who say hyperpolitics is over correct?

• Why is Europe now a pale imitation of authoritarians in the East and the unbridled capitalism to its West?

• Is it Europe's capitalists – not its workers or pensioners – who are in need of strict market discipline?

Links:

• Things Are Terrible in Europe, and They’re Only Going to Get Worse, Anton Jäger, NYT

• Goodbye, ‘Resistance.’ The Era of Hyperpolitics Is Over, Ross Barkan, NYT

• My Country Shows What Europe Has Become, Anton Jäger, NYT

• Hyperpolitics in America, Anton Jäger, New Left Review 

• Is Trump 2 the End of ‘Neoliberal Order Breakdown Syndrome’?, Lee Jones, The North Star

• /454/ The Last Man at the Euro Tango ft. Michael Wilkinson

/454/ The Last Man at the Euro Tango ft. Michael Wilkinson

On the End of History and Europe.

[For full episode, subscribe at patreon.com/bungacast]

LSE professor Mike Wilkinson talks to Phil and Alex about how the history of European integration fits with constitutional theories and ideas of sovereignty. We discuss: 

• In what way are the conspiracy theories about the EU true?

• What are the origins of European integration in the inter-war crisis?

• How did European integration tie into the history of ideas and development of 20th century legal history?

• How far does European integration overlap with counter-revolutionary theories and ideas?

• And who is the Last European? 

Links:

• Authoritarian Liberalism and the Transformation of Modern Europe, Michael Wilkinson

• Political Constitutionalism in Europe Revisited, Michael Wilkinson, Journal of Law and Society

• The Rise and Fall of World Constitutionalism, Michael Wilkinson, Verfassungsblog

/448/ Foreign Agents, Quiet Oligarchs & Neverending History ft. Hans Gutbrod

On Georgia's pivotal elections and its post-Soviet history.

[Full episode only for patrons]

Hans Gutbrod, who has been working in the Caucasus region since 1999 and now teaches at Ilia State University in Tblisi, talks to Alex about Georgia's choice between the EU and Russia. We discuss:

• Who is Bidzina Ivanishvili, whose wealth is equal to 1/4 of GDP?

• What is the ruling Georgian Dream's pitch to voters, and how has it turned 'rightward'?

• Did Georgia witness the end of history, or merely the de-development of the post-Soviet years?

• How has civil society become dominated by NGOs, and is this a problem?

• Can Georgia flourish in a multipolar world, acting as an entrepôt between East and West?

Links:

• In Georgia, a National Election Is a Geopolitical Struggle, Bryan Gigantino, Jacobin

• Telling Time the New Way: 17 Years of Reform, Hans Gutbrod, Civil Georgia

• Macbeth in the Caucasus: Omnipotence and Loneliness - Bidzina Ivanishvili’s Georgian Dream, Hans Gutbrod (PDF)

 

/442/ The Unique French Capacity for Disappointment ft. Nathan Sperber (sample)

On France's permacrisis.

[Patreon Exclusive]

French sociologist Nathan Sperber talks to George and Alex about his new essay in the New Left Review, "The French Crisis: Organic or Conjunctural". We catch up with what has happened in France since Macron gambled and called impromptu elections in the summer. We discuss:

• Why does France always seem to be more in crisis than its neighbours? 

• How has France ended up with hollow "leaderist" parties?

• Is Macron a true neoliberal or a reactive emergency politician?

• Did the left-wing France Insoumise miss its shot?

• How inevitable is a Le Pen government, and will it be co-opted by the French bureaucracy?

• What's the difference between an organic and a conjunctural crisis – and which one is France in?

 

Readings:

• The French Crisis: Organic or Conjunctural?, Nathan Sperber, New Left Review (pdf attached)
• An Introduction to Antonio Gramsci: His Life, Thought and Legacy, George Hoare & Nathan Sperber, Bloomsbury (Feb 2025)

/436/ Slovakia's Four World Directions ft. Dominik Zelinsky

On corruption, charisma, populism & assassination in Slovakia.

Slovak sociologist Dominik Zelinksy joins us to discuss Slovakia's positioning between East and West. We discuss:

• Why was Prime Minister Robert Fico a target of an assassination attempt?

• Whether Fico – not a zany outsider but a competent insider – is a "populist"

• Why Slovaks are not so anti-Russian, and why they are sceptical of NATO

• How has anti-corruption politics played a role

• What is "charismatic mimicry" and why have Western leaders aped Ukraine's Zelenskyy?

Links:

• Slovakia's election: "more than a fight between democracy and autocracy", Dominik Zelinsky, LeftEast

• Assassination Attempt Prompts Soul-Searching in Slovakia, Jakub Bokes, Jacobin

• Slovakia’s Election Result Is About Declining Living Standards, Not Just Ukraine, Jakub Bokes, Jacobin

• Charismatic Mimicry: Innovation and Imitation in the Case of Volodymyr Zelensky, Paul Joosse & Dominik Zelinsky, Sociological Theory. Thread on Twitter/X about the article

 

/435/ Reading Club: Stalin's General – Winning WWII (sample)

On Geoffrey Roberts’ 2013 biography of Field Marshal Zhukov.

[Patreon Exclusive]

Who was the Soviet general and architect of Soviet victory on the Eastern Front during the Second World War? We discuss:

• What does Zhukov’s life tell us about modern warfare?

• What can we learn about the life and fate of the Soviet regime?

• How should we view the Ukraine war and renewed geopolitical rivalry between the West and Russia today?

• What are the popular perceptions and folk memories of world war?  

Links:

• Stalin's General: The Life of Georgy Zhukov, Geoffrey Roberts

• Saving Private Ivan, Mike Davis, The Guardian

• Negotiate Now, or Capitulate Later: Ten Incentives for Ukraine to Make Peace with Russia, Geoffrey Roberts, Brave New Europe

• Putin’s Trump Card: Ukrainian Membership of NATO, Geoffrey Roberts, Brave New Europe

• ‘Now or Never’: The Immediate Origins of Putin’s Preventative War on Ukraine, Geoffrey Roberts, Journal of Military and Strategic Studies

/425/ Reading Club: Russia's Imitation Democracy (sample)

On the late Dmitri Furman's account of post-Soviet Russia.

Patreon Exclusive: for the Reading Club, join for $12/mo and get access to ALL Bungacast content, incl. 4 exclusive, original episodes a month

We continue our discussions along this year's themes (rise and fall of nations; Russia past and present) by tackling Imitation Democracy: The Development of Russia's Post-Soviet Political System.

• Why has there been a revival in interest in the late Soviet and early post-Soviet period? And in the global 1990s in general?

• What does it really mean to be without-alternative?

• Why didn't democracy take hold in Russia? And why did it become an "imitation democracy" and not something else?

• How was Yeltsin a disaster? And what was Putin's appeal?

• Does 'Putinism' actually exist? Is it interesting or novel in any way?

• What happened after Furman's death and Russia's turn to "violent parody of the West"?

Readings:

• Imitation Democracy: The Development of Russia's Post-Soviet Political System, Dmitri Furman, Verso

• Imitation Democracies: The Post-Soviet Penumbra, Dmitri Furman, New Left Review (pdf)

• Imitation Democracy: Perry Anderson writes about Dmitri Furman’s analysis of Russia’s post-communism, Perry Anderson, London Review of Books

Listening Links:

• /114/ Reading Club: The Light That Failed - on the end of the "Age of Imitation"

• /270/ Russia vs the West ft. Richard Sakwa - on the endgame to war in Ukraine; and /271/ Russia vs the West (2) ft. Richard Sakwa - on the post-Soviet landscape

• /410/ Reading Club: Deutscher's Stalin - On Isaac Deutscher's classic Stalin: A Political Biography

• /421/ Who Are the Wrong Ukrainians? ft. Volodymyr Ishchenko - on post-Soviet Ukraine, from Maidan to war

 

Music: Éva Csepregi, "O.K. Gorbacsov", Hungaroton , WEA, High Fashion Music, Dureco